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2026-03
The Core of Gasoline Engine Exhaust Purification: Working Principle and Key Technical Points of Three-Way Catalysts (TWC)
The three-way catalyst (TWC) is currently the mainstream post-treatment technology used in gasoline vehicles and natural gas engines to meet stringent emission regulations. Hunan Jiantech Co., Ltd. has conducted in-depth technological development and accumulated extensive expertise in this field.
I. The Working Principle of Three-Way Catalytic Converters
“Three-way catalytic converter” refers to a device capable of simultaneously reducing three types of pollutants: CO, HC, and NOx. At its core, the catalytic reaction involves oxidizing CO and HC into carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) under the action of a catalyst, while simultaneously reducing NOx into nitrogen gas (N₂). This process is highly dependent on the air-fuel ratio in the exhaust gases, and its ideal operating window is relatively narrow. Therefore, it requires precise coordination with the engine’s electronic control system.
II. Product and Technical Considerations for Jiantech’s Technologies
To enhance the overall performance of TWC, the following aspects are key focuses of technological development:
Catalyst formulation Typically, the substrate consists of cordierite honeycomb ceramic carriers or metal carriers, coated with a high-specific-surface-area alumina layer and loaded with precious metals such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and rhodium (Rh) as active components. Jiantech is committed to expanding the efficient operating window and enhancing catalytic activity and durability by optimizing the ratios of precious metals and adopting new oxygen-storage materials, such as cerium-zirconium solid solutions.
Antitoxicity and Durability Substances such as sulfur and phosphorus in fuels and engine oils can cause catalyst poisoning and deactivation. Our product design takes into account optimizing material selection and coating structures to enhance the catalyst's resistance to poisoning, thereby ensuring that it maintains effective purification efficiency throughout the vehicle’s designed service life.
Cold-start performance During the initial stage of vehicle startup, the catalyst temperature is low, resulting in poor purification efficiency. By improving the coating structure and adopting a formulation with lower ignition activity, the goal is to accelerate catalyst ignition and reduce pollutant emissions during the cold-start phase.
Giant Technology’s gasoline three-way catalyst products are designed to provide customers with a viable technological option for meeting China VI and even stricter emission standards.
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湖南省吉安特技术有限公司
Hunan JaTECH Inc.
No. 39, Xichong Road, Quantang Street, Changsha Economic and Technological Development Zone ，Hunan， China